Health Insurance
In Germany, there is a mandatory insurance requirement for all citizens and residents with permanent residence. There are two main types of health insurance: statutory health insurance (GKV) and private health insurance (PKV). The GKV is compulsory for the majority of the population, while the PKV is available to certain professional groups and individuals with high incomes. Contributions to the GKV are based on income, while the PKV takes individual risk factors into account.
Medical Care
Germany has a dense network of general practitioners, specialists, and medical facilities. Patients have the freedom to choose their doctors and can consult general practitioners, specialists, or dentists as needed. Family doctors often play a central role in coordinating medical care.
Hospitals
In Germany, there are a variety of hospitals that are classified into public, private, and non-profit categories. Hospitals offer comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. Funding comes from a combination of health insurance contributions, government subsidies, and patient co-payments.
Medications and Pharmacies
Medications in Germany are either prescription-only or available over the counter at pharmacies. The costs of prescription medications are usually covered by health insurance, though patients must pay a small co-payment. Pharmacies also provide advice and a variety of health products.
Prevention and Health Promotion
Prevention measures are highly valued in Germany. There are numerous health promotion programs, such as vaccination campaigns, check-ups, and awareness campaigns. Health insurance funds also offer special prevention courses focusing on exercise, nutrition, and stress management.
Emergency Care
Emergency care in Germany is well organized and includes hospital emergency rooms as well as an ambulance service, which can be reached at the phone number 112. The ambulance service is available around the clock and can reach acute medical emergencies within minutes.
Nursing and Rehabilitation
Germany has a well-developed system of nursing and rehabilitation. Nursing services can be provided both on an outpatient and inpatient basis. Nursing homes, home care services, and rehabilitation centers offer comprehensive support for individuals in need of care. The long-term care insurance covers part of the costs, with the amount of benefits depending on the level of care required.
Health System Financing
The health system in Germany is primarily financed through contributions to health insurance. Both employees and employers contribute to statutory health insurance. Private health insurances are funded by the premiums paid by the insured individuals. The government supports the health system through grants and regulates the framework conditions.