Semester Structure
The academic year in Germany is divided into two semesters: the winter semester and the summer semester. The winter semester begins in October and ends in March, while the summer semester runs from April to September. This semester structure sets the framework for lectures, examinations, and the lecture-free period.
Lecture Times
Lecture times vary depending on the semester. In the winter semester, lectures usually start in mid-October and end in mid-February. In the summer semester, they typically begin in early April and conclude in mid-July. Between lecture periods, there are lecture-free times often used for exams, internships, or preparation for the upcoming semester.
Examination Phases
Exams typically take place at the end of each semester. There are often two examination phases: the regular examination phase immediately following the end of the lecture period and a resit phase shortly before the next semester begins. This structure allows students to prepare for exams and retake any failed exams in the next semester.
Study and Examination Regulations
Each degree program has specific study and examination regulations that outline the conditions and requirements for graduation. These regulations include module descriptions, examination modalities, and credit points (ECTS). The examination regulations define which exams and performances are necessary for graduation and how they are graded.
ECTS Points
Credit points according to the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) measure the workload of students. One ECTS point is equivalent to about 25 to 30 hours of work. A bachelor’s degree typically requires 180 to 240 ECTS, while a master’s degree necessitates 60 to 120 ECTS. This system facilitates the recognition and transfer of academic achievements among different universities in Europe.
Study Progress Plans
Study progress plans provide an overview of the recommended modules and their chronological sequence during the course of study. They help students plan their studies efficiently and adhere to the standard study duration. These plans are often designed to allow for an even distribution of the workload over the semesters.
Internships and Practical Phases
Many degree programs, particularly at universities of applied sciences, include mandatory internships or practical phases. These are often an integral part of the studies and aim to apply theoretical knowledge in practice. Internships provide students with the opportunity to gain professional experience and network valuable contacts in the job market.
Thesis
The program concludes with a thesis: a bachelor’s thesis in the bachelor’s program and a master’s thesis in the master’s program. These academic works aim to …