Different Target Groups of BAB and BAföG
Vocational Training Allowance (BAB) and BAföG are state funding options designed for different target groups:
- BAB: Supports trainees in a dual vocational training (Ausbildung), who work in a company and attend vocational school.
- BAföG: Aims at students who are completing a school-based education or a degree program.
Since both funding types target different forms of training, simultaneous receipt is not possible.
Priority of BAföG for School-Based Training
For trainees who undergo a purely school-based education, there is generally an entitlement to BAföG. In such cases, BAB is excluded, as BAföG is the primary benefit. The school-based training will be solely financed through BAföG in this context.
Exclusion of Simultaneous Receipt
Simultaneous receipt of BAföG and BAB is excluded to prevent double funding. This means that trainees who can receive BAföG are not entitled to BAB, even if the BAföG benefit turns out to be lower than a potential BAB benefit.
Special Regulations for Retraining
In the case of retraining within a dual vocational training (Ausbildung), there is generally no entitlement to BAföG, but to BAB. Trainees who work in a company and attend vocational school can therefore apply for BAB. A prerequisite is that the retraining occurs in an officially recognized vocational occupation.
Proof of Exclusion from BAföG
In some cases, the employment agency may require proof that there is no entitlement to BAföG. This is particularly true for training paths that are conducted both in-company and academically. The proof is provided through a denial notice from the BAföG office.
Housing Benefit as an Alternative when No Entitlement Exists
If neither BAB nor BAföG is granted, it may be possible to apply for housing benefit under certain conditions. Housing benefit supports low-income households in covering rental costs, but only if no other state training allowance is received.
Relevance for Trainees in Borderline Cases
The exclusion of simultaneous receipt particularly affects trainees who are undertaking a school-based education with practical components. In such cases, it should be clarified early on which benefit (BAB or BAföG) applies to avoid financial disadvantages.
Consultation on Suitable Funding
Since the regulations can be complex, it is recommended to seek advice from the employment agency or the BAföG office before applying for BAB or BAföG. This ensures that the appropriate benefit is applied for and that there is no rejection due to unclear entitlement conditions.