Definition of Vocational Training Compensation (Ausbildungsvergütung)
The payment during vocational training (Ausbildung) is a monetary benefit that apprentices receive for their work in the company. It represents a recognition of the work performed and provides financial support during the training period. The income enables the apprentice to partially or fully cover their living expenses.
Legal Regulations
The remuneration of apprentices is anchored in the Vocational Training Act (BBiG). According to §17 BBiG, the compensation must be appropriate and increase with each year of training. Unpaid training is not permissible in dual vocational training (Berufsausbildung). Additionally, certain minimum amounts must not be fallen below to ensure the apprentice’s livelihood.
Industry-Specific Differences
The training allowance varies significantly across different industries and professions. Technical and industrial professions such as mechatronics technicians or industrial mechanics often offer higher pay than professions in the service or craft sectors. These differences arise from the economic situation of the industry and collective bargaining agreements.
Regional Differences
The apprenticeship salary can differ depending on the region or federal state. In economically strong regions or cities, the compensation is often higher than in rural areas. There are also differences between East and West Germany, historically influenced. Apprentices should therefore inform themselves about regional specifics.
Collective Agreements and Their Importance
Collective agreements play a crucial role in determining pay during training (Ausbildung). They are negotiated between trade unions and employer associations and set minimum standards. Companies bound by collective agreements usually pay higher salaries than non-collective agreement companies, offering apprentices better financial conditions.
Increases Per Training Year
The apprentice’s salary typically increases with each training year. This increase acknowledges the growing professional experience and responsibility of the apprentice within the company. These raises are stipulated in collective agreements or company agreements and can be significant from the first to the final year of training.
Minimum Compensation Since 2020
Since January 2020, there has been a statutory minimum vocational training allowance in Germany. Apprenticeship compensation (Ausbildungsvergütung) must amount to at least a specific figure, adjusted annually. For training contracts starting after January 1, 2023, the minimum compensation for the first year of training is €620 gross per month. This amount aims to improve apprentices’ financial situation and provide a foundation for their livelihood.
Social Contributions and Taxes
The apprentice’s pay is subject to social contributions and taxes, depending on the income level. Contributions to health, nursing care, pension, and unemployment insurance are deducted from the gross salary. Additionally, if income exceeds the tax-free allowance, income tax, and potentially church tax and the solidarity surcharge, are deducted.
Financial Support Options
If the training allowance is low, apprentices may apply for vocational training assistance (Berufsausbildungsbeihilfe, BAB) from the Employment Agency. This support helps cover the cost of accommodation, meals, and work supplies. The prerequisite is that the apprentice does not live with their parents and that their own income and the income of their parents do not exceed certain allowances.
Using Vocational Training Pay (Ausbildungsvergütung)
The apprentice’s salary is used to cover daily living expenses, including rent, utilities, groceries, clothing, transportation, and study materials. Careful budgeting is essential to manage the available income and possibly save some reserves.
Significance for Career Choice
The compensation for apprentices can influence the decision to choose a profession. However, interest in the profession and long-term prospects should take priority. A career with a lower starting salary may offer better development opportunities and earning potential in the long run.
Additional Information
Prospective apprentices can obtain information about training compensation (Ausbildungsvergütung) from the relevant chambers, such as the Chamber of Industry and Commerce or the Chamber of Crafts. Additionally, professional associations and trade unions provide information on collective pay agreements and advise on rights and obligations during training (Ausbildung).